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| Gonghua Lin; Fang Zhao; Eviatar Nevo; Tongzuo Zhang; Jianping Su. |
| We report the twining handedness of Codonopsis pilosula, which has either a left- or right-handed helix among different plants, among different tillers within a single plant, and among different branches within a single tiller. The handedness was randomly distributed among different plants, among the tillers within the same plants, but not among the branches within the same tillers. Moreover, the handedness of the stems can be strongly influenced by external forces, i.e. the compulsory left and right forming inclined to produce more left- and right-handed twining stems, respectively, and the reversing could make a left-handed stem to be right-handed and vice versa. We also discuss the probable mechanisms these curious cases happen. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7026/version/1 |
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| Chi Yuan; Peter Chesson. |
| *Background/Question/Methods*

Recruitment variation is believed to be an important mechanism of species coexistence in variable environments. This mechanism, however, is a composite of two other mechanisms: the storage effect, and relative nonlinearity. The storage effect is a formalization of the concept of temporal environmental niche differentiation. It is well-understood theoretically and has been tested in natural systems such as forests and annual plant communities. Relative nonlinearity results from species differences in nonlinear responses to fluctuations in competition. Such differences arise whenever species differ in life-history traits such as mean longevity. While the storage effect is assumed to be the... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3595/version/1 |
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| Miguel M. N. Bugalho; Lecomte Xavier; Maria Caldeira; Merícia Gonçalves; Manuela Branco. |
| Grazing is a global, dominant land use affecting biodiversity and ecosystem processes. In Mediterranean ecosystems grazing is a major ecological and evolutionary driver but, surprisingly, there is little information on the use of grazing as a tool to manage biodiversity in these ecosystems. We conducted an experiment to assess if the coexistence of grazing and grazing-excluded patches would increase plant and invertebrate diversity in a Mediterranean evergreen oak woodland. Plant community traits were different between treatments. Plant and litter biomass was higher, and the proportion of bare ground was lower, in grazing-excluded plots. Grazing affected functional diversity with legumes, invertebrate detritivores and sup sucking insects being more... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5194/version/1 |
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| Lars Chittka; Daniel Osorio. |
| Many palatable insects, for example hoverflies, deter predators by mimicking well-defended insects such as wasps. However, for human observers, these flies often seem to be little better than caricatures of wasps – their visual appearance and behaviour are easily distinguishable. This imperfect mimicry baffles evolutionary biologists, because one might expect natural selection to do a more thorough job. Here we discuss two types of cognitive processes that might explain why mimics distinguishable mimics might enjoy increased protection from predation. Speed accuracy tradeoffs in predator decision making might give imperfect mimics sufficient time to escape, and predators under time constraint might avoid time-consuming discriminations between... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1258/version/1 |
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| Erin J. Fleming; Nelson F. Galvis; Bette A. Loiselle; Julia F. Nerbonne. |
| To date, most studies on the management of invasive species have been done in nature reserves or national parks. Few published studies demonstrate how scientists and local communities might collaborate to develop science-based management programs in private forests. We present an example of such collaboration. The Congregational Summer Assembly (CSA) is a mixture of common and privately owned lots within old-growth beech-maple forest in Lower Michigan. The community is trying to conserve the forest and, thus, is interested in ecological variables that should be considered when designing a long-term ecosystem based management plan. 
 In this base-line study we developed methods for volunteer-scientist teams to monitor 1) the abundance of... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5527/version/1 |
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| Alfonso Perez-Escudero; Gonzalo de Polavieja. |
| Animals living in groups make movement decisions that depend, among other factors, on social interactions with other group members. Our present understanding of social rules in animal collectives is based on empirical fits to observations and we lack first-principles approaches that allow their derivation. Here we show that patterns of collective decisions can be derived from the basic ability of animals to make probabilistic estimations in the presence of uncertainty. We build a decision-making model with two stages: Bayesian estimation and probabilistic matching.
In the first stage, each animal makes a Bayesian estimation of which behavior is best to perform taking into account personal information about the environment and social... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5939/version/1 |
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| Alfonso Perez-Escudero; Gonzalo G. de Polavieja. |
| Animals living in groups make movement decisions that depend, among other factors, on social interactions with other group members. Our present understanding of social rules in animal collectives is mainly based on empirical fits to observations, with less emphasis in obtaining first-principles approaches that allow their derivation. Here we show that patterns of collective decisions can be derived from the basic ability of animals to make probabilistic estimations in the presence of uncertainty. We build a decision-making model with two stages: Bayesian estimation and probabilistic matching.

In the first stage, each animal makes a Bayesian estimation of which behavior is best to perform taking into account personal... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5939/version/2 |
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| Adrian G. Dyer; Alan Dorin; Verena Reinhardt; Marcello G. P. Rosa. |
| Foraging bees use colour cues to help identify rewarding from unrewarding flowers, but as conditions change, bees may require behavioural flexibility to reverse their learnt preferences. Perceptually similar colours are learnt slowly by honeybees and thus potentially pose a difficult task to reverse-learn. Free-flying honeybees (N = 32) were trained to learn a fine colour discrimination task that could be resolved at ca. 70% accuracy following extended differential conditioning, and were then tested for their ability to reverse-learn this visual problem multiple times. Subsequent analyses identified three different strategies: ‘Deliberative-decisive’ bees that could, after several flower visits, decisively make a large change to... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7037/version/1 |
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| Meha Jain; Case Prager; Dan Flynn; Caroline Devan; Georgia Hart; Farshid Ahrestani; Dan Bunker; Matt Palmer; Sean Smukler; Jason Sircely; Shahid Naeem. |
| Across the globe, biodiversity loss is occurring at an unprecedented rate. Rare species are especially susceptible to extinction, given that they typically have small population sizes and restricted geographic ranges, are less adaptable to disturbances, and are greater habitat specialists. However, while rare species may be prone to extinction, it remains unclear whether the loss of rare species is important to ecosystem function. In addition, it is important to consider the way in which rarity is defined, given that there are multiple definitions of rarity based on a species' geographic range, habitat specificity, and abundance in a community. Therefore, to better understand the contribution of rare species to community function, our study has... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5243/version/1 |
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| Lima,Diogo Xavier; Souza-Motta,Cristina Maria; Lima,Catarina Letícia Ferreira de; Souza,Carlos Alberto Fragoso de; Ribeiro,Jonathan Ramos; Santiago,André Luiz Cabral Monteiro de Azevedo. |
| ABSTRACT As primary decomposers of organic matter, mucoralean fungi have an important ecological role in edaphic systems in the Atlantic Forest. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding how communities of Mucorales are structured in soils of Atlantic Forest areas, and whether these communities are influenced by edaphic attributes in this domain. Thus, the current study aimed to understand the influence of edaphic attributes linked to species richness, abundance and composition of Mucorales in dense ombrophilous forest, ‘tabuleiro’ forest, sandbank and mangrove ecosystems located in Pernambuco, Brazil. Altogether, twenty-three taxa, including seven new records, were reported from soil samples from the ecosystems. Species composition was similar among the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Basal fungal order; Diversity; Ecology; Mucorales; Mucoromycota; Mucoromycotina; Soil; Taxonomy. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062020000400796 |
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| Cynthia Parr; Dana Campbell; John Park. |
| Online resources to aid large-scale ecological and evolutionary biology are beginning to take root, only a decade behind fields such as genomics and molecular biology. One barrier has been a long tradition, in evolutionary biology at least, of work by individuals on the order of a few hundred of species rather than the thousands or hundreds of thousands necessary to understand the general evolutionary or ecological processes that explain species characteristics and distributions. Advances in collaborative and semantic software offer promise – it should be possible to develop high quality online species-level datasets for comparative analyses and even to integrate, via machine reasoning, across highly customized datasets. In this talk we will... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4603/version/1 |
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| Zhenyuan Zhao; Juan Pablo Calderon; Chen Xu; Pak Ming Hui; Neil Johnson. |
| The development of quantitative models of outbreaks is key to their eventual control, from human and computer viruses through to social (and antisocial) activities. Standard epidemiological models can reproduce many general features of outbreaks. Unfortunately, the large temporal fluctuations which often dominate real-world data are thought to require more complicated, system-specific models involving super-spreaders, specific social network topologies and rewirings, and birth-death processes. However we show here that these large fluctuations have a generic explanation in terms of underlying community dynamics. Communities increasing (or decreasing) in size, act as instantaneous amplifiers (or suppressors) yielding a complex temporal evolution whose... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2030/version/1 |
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| Ashoka D. K. H. Manage. |
| Human activities threat seashore communities in many areas of the world and their impacts on coastal ecosystem are a matter of increasing concern. Present study describes the anthropogenic disturbances on the rocky shore community structure by comparing the benthic communities of disturbed and non-disturbed areas in Sri Lanka where rocky shores remain virtually untouched so far by experimental studies. Impacts of human disturbances; trampling, handling and exploitation on the community structure of rocky macro benthic assemblages were tested in high-, mid- and low-intertidal area by stratified sampling method at Rumassala marine sanctuary and adjacent two localities at either side of the marine sanctuary, Galle and Unawatuna. Univariate measures, log... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2317/version/1 |
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| Pedro Beltrao; Luis Serrano. |
| Protein interaction networks are an important part of the post-genomic effort to integrate a part-list view of the cell into system-level understanding. Using a set of 11 yeast genomes we show that combining comparative genomics and secondary structure information greatly increases consensus-based prediction of SH3 targets. Benchmarking of our method against positive and negative standards gave 83% accuracy with 26% coverage. The concept of an optimal divergence time for effective comparative genomics studies was analyzed, demonstrating that genomes of species that diverged very recently from _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ (_S. mikatae_, _S. bayanus_, and _S. paradoxus_), or a long time ago (_Neurospora crassa_ and _Schizosaccharomyces pombe_), contain less... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/16/version/1 |
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| Amanda Benbow; Kelly G. Lyons. |
| KR Bluestem (_Bothriochloa ischaemum_) is a non-indigenous, invasive, C4 grass that was introduced throughout the Midwestern and Southwestern U.S. short- to midgrass prairies with the aim of improving degraded rangelands. The aggressive nature of KR bluestem has led to dramatic alterations of natural and managed ecosystems. Comparative studies of decomposition often show that non-indigenous, invasive plant species have higher rates of nutrient cycling than indigenous species; however, KR bluestem appears to deviate from this trend. Large amounts of litter are observed in KR-dominated grasslands as compared to intact native grasslands, suggesting that the species has a relatively lower decomposition rate and may slow nutrient cycling in these systems.... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3614/version/1 |
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| KANDEMIR,N.; KHAN,G.; ÇELIK,A.. |
| ABSTRACT: Iris is the largest genus of family Iridaceae having 50 species with 24 endemic to Turkey. Here in this study we compared morphological, anatomical and ecological characters of two varieties of Iris unguicularis subsp. carica (Iris unguicularis subsp. carica var. carica and Iris unguicularis subsp. carica var. syriaca) from Turkey. We reported some distinctive morphological characteristics between both of the varieties like plant size, root length and width, leaf length and width, perianth tube, falls, standard fruit and bract length, falls and standards width and structure, flower colour which are of important taxonomic values. We further investigated that both the varieties are found in different localities and the differences in morphological... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Comparison; Morphology; Anatomy; Ecology. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100275 |
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| Gómez Gaspar,Alfredo; Acero P.,Arturo. |
| ABSTRACT In the southern Caribbean, there are two main upwelling areas, the Colombian Guajira and eastern Venezuela. However, fishing production is highly dissimilar, even though in the Guajira the wind intensity is stronger and theoretically the upwelling is more intense. For this reason, it should have a higher fishing production than Venezuela, which is not the case. The possible reasons for this important difference are presented, detailing aspects related to wind, hydrography, nutrient concentration, phytoplankton biomass, continental shelf, river contribution, island presence and other factors. Eastern Venezuela has greater fertility and fishing production because the Subtropical Subsuperficial Water mass is what supplies the water upwelling during... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Tropical upwelling; Colombian Guajira; Eastern Venezuela; Southern Caribbean; Ecology. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612020000200131 |
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